From an on-line search of APA style guides it appears that the APA style-guide is set up for research papers that would include a title page and abstract.
It appears though that most universities that I searched either had a defined page count before an abstract page was needed or said to check with the course instructor.
These are just a sample of some;
At this private collegethis private college the exceptions from an abstract are where,
- Smaller essays (3 pages or less)
- Informal writings (in almost all instances, the paper will be 3 pages or less).
- Papers over 3 pages in length that are formatted in APA style but do not contain a citation or reference.
At Western Oregon UniversityWestern Oregon University they have two sample papers, one for a short paper (without abstract) and one for a formal paper (with abstract)
Lastly ,as an example, these two colleges Connecticut State CollegeCapital Community College and Empire State College state that the student should check if an abstract is needed.
Connecticut
Check with your instructor to see if an abstract and/or keywords are required elements of your paper.
Empire State
Be sure to ask your mentor whether or not s/he requires an abstract.
So while it appears that APA does not have any special short paper format it appears , from samples above, that institutions either have a formal policy or leave it to the discretion of the instructor.