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Apr 27, 2020 at 8:41 comment added cbeleites @lighthousekeeper: in the faculties I know, the Gutachter (reviewers) are a subset of the Prüfer (examiners): examiners are also the ones who do the [oral] Master exams.
Apr 27, 2020 at 8:39 comment added cbeleites In the departments I know (in chemistry), there is a distinction between the formal supervisor (i.e. the supervising professor or similar) and informal supervision: the exam regulations mean that a PhD student cannot be the official supervisor, but the supervising professor can delegate day-to-day supervision to whomever they trust to do this. The formal resoonsibility stays with the supervising professor, though.
Apr 27, 2020 at 6:37 comment added lighthouse keeper The differences are not only by discipline, but by department. I'm in CS, too, and the two German departments where I worked did not have the role "Prüfer". Instead, in both cases, there was "Erstgutachter" and "Zweitgutachter", who wrote two independent reports. One department allowed the Zweitgutachter to be a PhD student, whereas the other department required a PhD graduate. In both departments, Betreuer and Erstgutachter were the same person by default (exceptions were possible), and PhD students involved in the supervision could be specified as additional Betreuer.
Apr 26, 2020 at 20:27 history answered O. R. Mapper CC BY-SA 4.0