The eligibility of ERC Advanced Grant is very interesting, everyone from anywhere can submit a proposal, and upon approval he should work in a host institution within European Union. This gives an excellent opportunities for independent researchers, as they do not need to be employed in Europe when applying.
Are other countries (mostly I mean, US, Canada and Australia) have such call for proposals, as anyone (regardless of location) can apply? Then, upon success, he should conduct the research in the funding country.
If yes, please name (or link) the specific call for proposal.