I see several reasons for receiving such an email, and it may not be the reasons that you surmised (some of which are noted in the comments).
The fact that you received an email about a conference does not necessarily mean you are on the mailing list. You could have been blind copied (Bcc) on the message deliberately. This may be a good thing and indicates that the professor felt you might be interested in attending the conference or submitting a paper to the conference as it may relate to your work (such as your dissertation project). This would be a compliment showing your work has promise; however it could just be a mistake. I mention this as when I was an undergraduate I did submit a conference paper on my work, which was a great experience!
Your email address could be very similar to that of another faculty member at your university (or even another). This can quite easily happen with so called "intelligent" auto-complete of addresses in email clients. This often can be very annoying and in large organisations like universities there are many people who share similar, or even identical names. If the sender (or list maintainer) is not careful they picked the wrong one, or the correct one was not even in the "pick-list". This happens to me frequently; I have a name-sake elsewhere in Internet-land and I often get their email. Also I have in the past emailed a postgraduate with the same name as one of my colleagues. Easy to do when in a hurry.
Someone is spamming to advertise their conference, and has just harvested a whole pile of addresses of people who are believed to be faculty members. This is not very ethical (or legal) but some over-enthusiastic conference organisers get sucked into this trap. I still get spam from what would otherwise be considered "reputable" conferences. I have about two dozen of these in my spam-bin, some from Government agencies and the like.
The university is confused who is staff and who is a student. Not as strange as it may seem. At my institution we use senior undergraduates as Teaching Assistants on Freshers' courses. Due to silliness within the "intelligent" software because they are in receipt of payments the payroll system regards them as "staff" and they get auto-added to the staff category. Plays havoc with keeping things confidential that should be kept confidential. (Insert rant about software design here)...
There can even be more plausible reasons that may come to mind!
What can you do? You have a choice: you can just ignore it, you can spend time investigating if someone else should have received it, or you can contact the sender and enquire. Most people would say just ignore it and move it to your "junk" email folder and let the AI deal with it.
