In the article you linked, it says: "Tome XV, Vingt-quatrieme cahier, 1835", i.e.,
Tome 15, Cahier 24, 1835
Tome 15, cahier 25, 1837, and
Tome 18, cahier 30, 1845
So, it seems like there are a few cahiers for each tome.
Since this is a different system than modern Anglophone publishing, I would keep "tome" and "cahier" untranslated in the bibliography. If this is not possible, I would treat cahier as issue and tome as volume, since in English, there are several issues for each volume.