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Often I've come across rules of thumb about maintaining active publication record. The advice I've most often been given is that one should have at least two papers under review at all times? What's your strategy? I am in the social sciences.

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That would very strongly depend on the duration of the review process. At our department the "target" is 1.1 peer-reviewed publication/scientist/year. – gerrit Jan 11 at 15:08
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For what purpose though ? are you a grad student trying to graduate ? postdoc trying to get a job ? tenure-track faculty trying to get tenure ? In the absence of other information, the only real answer is: as many as you have interesting ideas out there worth publishing – Suresh Jan 11 at 16:40
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gerrit: in my discipline, the usual review takes about four to six months. Suresh: i am a grad student trying to build a cv that screams: i can do the job. i am about half way through my program, three publications under my belt. i am looking for a way to set up a rhythm. i find that the strategy "as many as humanly possible" is much too oppressive. sure, i can work around the clock and never be satisfied, but it seems more realistic to set up targets. – Tam Jan 11 at 16:52
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I agree that "as much as possible" is oppressive. Looking at community norms is helpful here. – Suresh Jan 11 at 19:03
Maybe the real question is another one: when I am given a new paper to review, for which value of $N$ will the editor accept as an answer "sorry, I am too busy, I already have $N$ reviews to do now"? – Federico Poloni Jan 14 at 9:04

4 Answers

You're simply asking the wrong question. Your goal should be to do the best work you can, not the most — quality, not quantity. One revolutionary paper is worth far more than dozens of incremental papers that nobody reads.

To put it another way, if you find yourself submitting so many papers that you're worried about being overwhelmed, you're doing something wrong. Aim higher. Publish fewer, bigger chunks of work. Spend less time writing and more time thinking and digging. Stop just writing papers and develop a research program. The CV bullets will take care of themselves.

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Saying you should always have N papers under review is foolish. Say N = 2. You've just submitted a paper, and then a few days later, the other paper comes back from review with an acceptance notice well ahead of schedule (in two months instead of four). Does that mean you have to submit another one immediately, in order to have two in the pipeline? That doesn't make sense to me, as it makes your work subject to arbitrary deadlines that are orthogonal to producing high-quality publications.

You should keep a general track of how the work in your group (or your own work, if you report to someone else). You should also keep track of the general expectations of someone at your current career stage, and make sure that your publication output is consistent with your peers. (Don't worry about exact agreement: producing 80 or 90% of the total output is not really a big deal; producing 25 to 50% is likely to be an issue.)

Beyond that, however, you should focus on making sure your publications have quality, with a much lesser emphasis on quantity. One Nature or Physical Review Letters (or equivalent journal in your chosen field) article is probably worth a lot more than two or three publications in other journals.

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+1 for "look at your peer group to determine competitiveness" – Suresh Jan 11 at 19:02

I somewhat agrees with JeffE, but on the other hand it's not like one can just decide to write a ground breaking paper.

Having a steady stream of visible work is something positive to get a job, and one should neither publish dozen of small papers nor stall on a very important problem he cannot solve.

One way to get a good balance is to aim for a given stream of papers : if you get them easily, then try harder problem, if you don't, then maybe you should try something more manageable. Of course, what you aim at is very dependent of your field (and even sub-field).

I am in fundamental mathematics and personally like to have, at any given time, at least one paper under review, one paper that mostly needs writing, one idea to develop that could make a paper. In that way, I can focus each (non-absorbed-by-other-task-than-research-)day on what I feel like: writing, reading to back up the idea, do the needed computations, etc. Moreover, having a submitted paper makes me feel more comfortable trying things that take time but have a good chance to fail.

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it's not like one can just decide to write a ground breaking paper — No, of course not. But aiming for a groundbreaking result tends to produce lots of less groundbreaking but still interesting and publishable side results. Hence my comment "The CV bullets will take care of themselves." – JeffE Jan 12 at 21:42
Or as I often tell my students: Pick a good unit vector, and good stuff will happen. Don't worry about the magnitude :) – Suresh Jan 12 at 23:27

As many as you possibly can (as long as they are quality submissions).

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As long as this is within reason. At some point these are going to comeback from review and you are going to have to revise them. – Daniel E. Shub Jan 11 at 15:57

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